As national economic arteries, key infrastructure and important livelihood projects, railways are the backbones of the integrated transport system and play a vital role in the economic and social development of China. China has a vast territory with a wide inland area. The distributions of resources and industries are imbalanced, and the economic gaps among different regions are significant. In this case, railways bear a heavy task of the interflows of goods among large�勃瞫cale regions and the outward goods transport of these regions, and are irreplaceable in promoting the national social and economic development. Compared with other modern transport modes, railway goods transport has various technical and economic advantages, such as better adaptability, larger transport capacity, a higher level of safety, a higher speed of trains, less energy consumption and environmental pollution and lower transport cost. For a long time, railways have made great contributions to the transport of pr