第 1 章 C 語(yǔ)言概述........................................................................................................................1

1.1 程序設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言及 C 的特點(diǎn)................................................................................................1

1.2 C 程序開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程 ................................................................................................................2

1.3 編寫(xiě)簡(jiǎn)單的 C 程序 ...........................................................................................................3

1.4 應(yīng)用 VC 編譯、調(diào)試 C 程序..........................................................................................5

本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................................................7

習(xí)題一 ...........................................................................................................................................7

第 2 章 C 語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)........................................................................................................................8

2.1 簡(jiǎn)單的輸入輸出語(yǔ)句 ...........................................................................................................8

2.2 數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型及分類(lèi).................................................................................................................10

2.2.1 數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型.................................................................................................................10

2.2.2 基本數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型.........................................................................................................11

2.2.3 數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型轉(zhuǎn)換.........................................................................................................12

2.2.4 變量 ........................................................................................................................12

2.2.5 常量 ........................................................................................................................15

2.3 表達(dá)式和運(yùn)算符.................................................................................................................18

2.3.1 表達(dá)式與運(yùn)算符 .....................................................................................................18

2.3.2 算術(shù)運(yùn)算符.............................................................................................................18

2.3.3 關(guān)系與邏輯運(yùn)算符 .................................................................................................21

2.3.4 位運(yùn)算符.................................................................................................................23

2.3.5 常用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)函數(shù) .....................................................................................................26

2.4 程序控制語(yǔ)句.....................................................................................................................27

2.4.1 語(yǔ)句 ........................................................................................................................27

2.4.2 順序控制語(yǔ)句.........................................................................................................28

2.4.3 選擇控制語(yǔ)句.........................................................................................................30

2.4.4 switch 語(yǔ)句..............................................................................................................34

2.4.5 循環(huán)語(yǔ)句.................................................................................................................35

2.4.6 轉(zhuǎn)向語(yǔ)句.................................................................................................................42

2.5 應(yīng)用實(shí)例 ............................................................................................................................42

本章小結(jié) .....................................................................................................................................46

習(xí)題二 .........................................................................................................................................47

第 3 章 函數(shù).....................................................................................................................................51

3.1 函數(shù)定義 ............................................................................................................................51

3.1.1 函數(shù)的分類(lèi).............................................................................................................51

3.1.2 函數(shù)的定義 ............................................................................................................ 51

3.2 函數(shù)的調(diào)用........................................................................................................................ 53

3.2.1 函數(shù)調(diào)用的語(yǔ)法形式............................................................................................. 53

3.2.2 函數(shù)調(diào)用的過(guò)程..................................................................................................... 54

3.2.3 函數(shù)的傳值調(diào)用..................................................................................................... 55

3.2.4 函數(shù)的引用調(diào)用..................................................................................................... 57

3.2.5 函數(shù)的嵌套調(diào)用..................................................................................................... 60

3.2.6 函數(shù)的遞歸調(diào)用..................................................................................................... 61

3.3 函數(shù)模板............................................................................................................................ 62

3.3.1 函數(shù)模板的定義..................................................................................................... 62

3.3.2 模板函數(shù) ................................................................................................................ 64

3.4 變量的作用域和存儲(chǔ)類(lèi)型................................................................................................. 65

3.4.1 變量的作用域 ........................................................................................................ 65

3.4.2 變量的存儲(chǔ)類(lèi)型..................................................................................................... 66

3.4.3 外部變量 ................................................................................................................ 69

3.5 隨機(jī)函數(shù)............................................................................................................................ 70

3.6 函數(shù)重載............................................................................................................................ 72

本章小結(jié)..................................................................................................................................... 73

習(xí)題三......................................................................................................................................... 74

第 4 章 構(gòu)造數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型及編譯預(yù)處理........................................................................................... 76

4.1 數(shù)組.................................................................................................................................... 76

4.1.1 一維數(shù)組 ................................................................................................................ 76

4.1.2 多維數(shù)組 ................................................................................................................ 79

4.2 字符數(shù)組............................................................................................................................ 82

4.2.1 字符數(shù)組與字符串................................................................................................. 82

4.2.2 常用字符串處理函數(shù)............................................................................................. 83

4.3 數(shù)組應(yīng)用實(shí)踐 .................................................................................................................... 85

4.3.1 排序........................................................................................................................ 85

4.3.2 查找........................................................................................................................ 91

4.3.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)應(yīng)用 ................................................................................................................ 97

4.3.4 字符處理 ................................................................................................................ 98

4.4 構(gòu)造數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型 .................................................................................................................... 98

4.4.1 結(jié)構(gòu)體類(lèi)型 ............................................................................................................ 98

4.4.2 共用體類(lèi)型 ...........................................................................................................103

4.4.3 枚舉類(lèi)型 ...............................................................................................................104

4.5 編譯預(yù)處理.......................................................................................................................105

4.5.1 文件包含預(yù)處理..............................................................................................105

4.5.2 宏定義...................................................................................................................106

4.5.3 條件編譯...............................................................................................................108

4.6 類(lèi)型重定義 typedef...........................................................................................................109

本章小結(jié) ...................................................................................................................................111

習(xí)題四 .......................................................................................................................................111

第 5 章 指針...................................................................................................................................114

5.1 指針和指針變量...............................................................................................................114

5.1.1 指針的概念...........................................................................................................114

5.1.2 指針的運(yùn)算...........................................................................................................117

5.2 指針與數(shù)組.......................................................................................................................121

5.2.1 指向數(shù)組的指針變量............................................................................................121

5.2.2 指針與二維數(shù)組 ...................................................................................................124

5.2.3 指針和字符串.......................................................................................................126

5.3 指針與函數(shù)...........................................................