工程學是關(guān)于解決問題的知識和實踐。幾千年來，工程學作為一門專業(yè)和一門學科，隨著人類的發(fā)展而不斷演變。工程學運用科學知識、技術(shù)方法、設(shè)計和管理原則，幫助我們解決日常問題和生產(chǎn)需求。
當今世界面臨的首要問題是維持人類發(fā)展和保護地球，在這種情況下，工程扮演著核心角色。本書為建設(shè)和平與繁榮的未來以及為所有人創(chuàng)造一個健康的地球描繪了一幅雄心勃勃的藍圖。
實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標涉及減緩和適應氣候變化，建設(shè)有復原力的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，確保糧食供應和營養(yǎng)，提供清潔和負擔得起的能源和水，保護和恢復陸地和水下生物多樣性等等。聯(lián)合國教科文組織發(fā)布的這本報告再次強調(diào)了工程的重要性，旨在應對新挑戰(zhàn)和新期望。
這份報告匯集了工程師們的意見呼吁制定和實施解決方案，以解決影響我們生活各個方面的可持續(xù)發(fā)展問題，從而將工程定位為實現(xiàn)更可持續(xù)的世界的關(guān)鍵。
Table of Contents
Foreword
Director-General of UNESCO 4
Foreword
Chinese Academy of Engineering
and Tsinghua University 7
Acknowledgements 9
Introduction 10
1. ENGINEERING A MORE
SUSTAINABLE WORLD 16
2. EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES
FOR ALL 40
2.1 Diversity and inclusion in engineering 43
2.2 Women in engineering 47
2.3 Young engineers and their role 51
3. ENGINEERING INNOVATIONS
AND THE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS 56
3.1 Engineering innovations to combat COVID-19
and improve human health 59
3.2 Water engineering for sustainable
development 67
3.2.1. Clean water and human health 69
3.2.2. Hydrology for the SDGs 74
3.3 Climate change – a climate emergency 79
3.4 Engineering: a crucial tool for disaster
risk reduction 85
3.5 Developing sustainable and resilient
energy systems 90
3.6 Mining engineering for the future 95
3.7 Engineering and big data 100
3.8 Engineering and Artificial Intelligence 106
3.9 Engineering for smart cities 111
4. ENGINEERING EDUCATION
AND CAPACITY-BUILDING FOR
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 118
4.1 Engineering education for the future 121
4.2 Lifelong learning in engineering:
an imperative to achieve the Sustainable
Development Goals 129
4.3 Engineers’ continuing professional
development 136
5. REGIONAL TRENDS
IN ENGINEERING 142
5.1 Major interregional trends 144
5.2 Europe and North America 151
5.3 Asia and the Pacific 159
5.4 Latin America and the Caribbean 166
5.5 Africa 172
5.6 Arab States 180
Acronyms 185
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