第 1 章 電力電子變換器的一般設(shè)計(jì)流程 ·······························································.1
1.1 電力電子變換器的一般設(shè)計(jì)流程····································································.1
1.2 電力電子變換器的技術(shù)指標(biāo)和分析·································································.4
1.2.1 電力電子變換器的技術(shù)指標(biāo)································································.4
1.2.2 技術(shù)指標(biāo)分析 ·················································································.8
1.3 總體方案論證····························································································.8
1.4 具體電路設(shè)計(jì)····························································································10
1.5 電路仿真 ································································································.11
1.6 電磁兼容設(shè)計(jì)····························································································13
1.6.1 電磁兼容概念 ·················································································13
1.6.2 常用的抑制電磁干擾的措施································································14
1.6.3 電磁兼容測(cè)試 ·················································································16
1.7 PCB 及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ························································································16
1.8 建立試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)····························································································17
1.9 前期調(diào)試 ·································································································18
1.10 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)································································································19
1.11 后期整機(jī)調(diào)試 ··························································································20
1.12 生產(chǎn)準(zhǔn)備································································································21
1.13 小結(jié)······································································································21
思考題和習(xí)題··································································································22
第 2 章 電力電子變換器的功能電路、元器件與理想原理分析···································.23
2.1 電力電子變換器的功能電路··········································································23
2.1.1 不隔離式 DC/DC 變換器····································································25
2.1.2 隔離式 DC/DC 變換器·······································································31
2.2 電力電子變換器的典型元器件·······································································35
2.2.1 主功率電路的元器件·········································································35
2.2.2 控制芯片 ·······················································································37
2.2.3 常用邏輯芯片 ·················································································38
2.2.4 電流檢測(cè)元件 ·················································································48
2.2.5 溫度檢測(cè)元件 ·················································································52
2.3 電力電子變換器的穩(wěn)態(tài)原理分析····································································55
2.3.1 電感和電容的理想特性分析································································55
2.3.2 功率電路穩(wěn)態(tài)原理分析······································································59
2.3.3 穩(wěn)態(tài)閉環(huán)分析 ·················································································74
2.4 小結(jié) ·······································································································81
思考題和習(xí)題··································································································81
第 3 章 電力電子變換器中的實(shí)際問(wèn)題 ·································································.83
3.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)波形與理想原理分析不同所引發(fā)的思考·····················································83
3.1.1 驅(qū)動(dòng)電路典型波形············································································83
3.1.2 雙脈沖測(cè)試電路中功率開(kāi)關(guān)管典型開(kāi)關(guān)特性波形·····································84
3.1.3 反激變換器典型波形·········································································85
3.2 理想與實(shí)際的差異······················································································87
3.2.1 理想與實(shí)際功率器件的差異································································87
3.2.2 理想與實(shí)際電抗元件的差異·····························································.100
3.2.3 理想與實(shí)際 PCB 的差異 ·································································.106
3.2.4 理想與實(shí)際功率電路的差異·····························································.107
3.2.5 理想與實(shí)際的差異分析···································································.110
3.3 損耗與散熱 ···························································································.116
3.3.1 電力電子變換器損耗的組成·····························································.116
3.3.2 電力電子變換器中常用元器件的損耗模型分析·····································.118
3.3.3 散熱的必要性 ··············································································.125
3.3.4 常用散熱方法 ··············································································.126
3.3.5 功率器件的散熱和安裝方法·····························································.127
3.4 應(yīng)力降額 ······························································································.141
3.4.1 應(yīng)力系數(shù)、設(shè)計(jì)裕量及安全裕量之間的關(guān)系········································.142
3.4.2 工作環(huán)境 ····················································································.142
3.4.3 典型元器件的額定值和應(yīng)力系數(shù)·······················································.143
3.4.4 機(jī)械應(yīng)力 ····················································································.148
3.5 電磁干擾 ······························································································.149
3.5.1 EMC 設(shè)計(jì)方法 ·············································································.149
3.5.2 電磁干擾形成的三要素···································································.150
3.5.3 電磁干擾源的特性·········································································.152
3.5.4 電磁干擾傳播特性·········································································.153
3.5.5 EMC 設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn) ·············································································.157
3.6 可靠性與壽命·························································································.160
3.6.1 平均無(wú)故障時(shí)間············································································.160
3.6.2 保修成本 ····················································································.162
3.6.3 壽命期望和失效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)······································································.163
3.6.4 驗(yàn)證可靠性測(cè)試············································································.164
3.6.5 加速壽命試驗(yàn) ··············································································.165
3.7 小結(jié) ····································································································.166
思考題和習(xí)題·······························································································.166
第 4 章 印制電路板的一般設(shè)計(jì)方法 ····································································167
4.1 PCB 簡(jiǎn)介及設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ) ···············································································.167
4.1.1 PCB 及互連 ·················································································.167
4.1.2 PCB 設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ) ··············································································.172
4.2 PCB 的一般設(shè)計(jì)流程與方法 ······································································.179
4.3 PCB 設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范 ························································································.184
4.3.1 PCB 工程設(shè)計(jì)的基本原則 ·······························································.184
4.3.2 PCB 設(shè)計(jì)的工藝要求 ·····································································.185
4.3.3 回路相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)注意事項(xiàng)···································································.191
4.3.4 焊盤設(shè)計(jì) ····················································································.193
4.3.5 PCB 標(biāo)注要求 ··············································································.196
4.4 PCB 的熱設(shè)計(jì) ························································································.197
4.4.1 PCB 熱傳導(dǎo)特性 ···········································································.198
4.4.2 PCB 敷銅準(zhǔn)則 ··············································································.198
4.4.3 熱過(guò)孔及其設(shè)計(jì)注意點(diǎn)···································································.199
4.4.4 GaN 器件散熱實(shí)例 ········································································.201
4.5 小結(jié) ····································································································.203
思考題和習(xí)題·······························································································.204
第 5 章 電力電子變換器的參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) ······························································205
5.1 電力電子變換器參數(shù)的傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法···························································.205
5.1.1 傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法介紹·········································································.205
5.1.2 傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法的缺陷······································································.205
5.2 電力電子變換器參數(shù)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)思想及過(guò)程··················································.207
5.2.1 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)思想 ··············································································.207
5.2.2 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程 ··············································································.207
5.3 電力電子變換器參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例分析························································.208
5.3.1 數(shù)學(xué)模型的建立············································································.209
5.3.2 數(shù)學(xué)模型的改進(jìn)············································································.211
5.3.3 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果與分析······································································.221
5.4 小結(jié) ····································································································.226
思考題和習(xí)題·······························································································.226
第 6 章 電力電子變換器的一般調(diào)試與排故方法 ·····················································227
6.1 電力電子變換器調(diào)試的基本問(wèn)題·································································.227
6.1.1 調(diào)試的定義 ·················································································.227
6.1.2 調(diào)試的分類 ·················································································.227
6.1.3 調(diào)試的目的 ·················································································.229
6.1.4 調(diào)試前應(yīng)做的準(zhǔn)備工作···································································.229
6.1.5 調(diào)試的一般要求············································································.231
6.1.6 調(diào)試的一般步驟············································································.232
6.1.7 常見(jiàn)故障及產(chǎn)生原因······································································.235
6.1.8 調(diào)試中所遇故障的一般檢測(cè)方法·······················································.236
6.2 典型電力電子變換器的調(diào)試過(guò)程·································································.244
6.2.1 反激變換器 ·················································································.245
6.2.2 三相 PMSM 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng) ····································································.248
6.3 典型電力電子變換器調(diào)試與排故實(shí)例分析·····················································.248
6.3.1 GaN 基橋臂雙脈沖電路調(diào)試排故實(shí)例分析 ··········································.248
6.3.2 三管 Buck-Boost 電路調(diào)試與排故分析················································.255
6.3.3 交錯(cuò)并聯(lián) Boost 變換器調(diào)試排故實(shí)例分析 ···········································.263
6.4 小結(jié) ····································································································.267
思考題和習(xí)題·······························································································.268
參考文獻(xiàn) ········································································································269