本書科學(xué)地闡述了“人心理的本質(zhì)”,從何為心理學(xué)的觀點(diǎn)出發(fā),用淺顯易懂的語音介紹了心理學(xué)家的重要理論,深刻分析了人際交往的心理學(xué)、人們成長(zhǎng)過程中的心理學(xué)、組織中的心理學(xué)、失去健康生活的心理學(xué)。同時(shí),對(duì)產(chǎn)生心理活動(dòng)的腦系統(tǒng)和性格與深層心理的關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析,便于讀者理性地、客觀地理解他人和自己的情緒、感受他人和自己的內(nèi)心世界。
本書將文字內(nèi)容與圖片進(jìn)行精心的排版和設(shè)計(jì),便于讀者在理性閱讀的基礎(chǔ)上,再次從感性的圖片上加深理解所闡述的內(nèi)容,是一本專業(yè)又不失活潑的心理學(xué)科普書籍,適合廣大讀者作為心理學(xué)啟蒙。
前言·······································3
PART
1 何為心理學(xué)11~64
心理學(xué)知識(shí)
從科學(xué)角度研究人的心理························ 12
從行為舉止推測(cè)意中人內(nèi)心的真實(shí)想法··············· 14
學(xué)會(huì)走出困境的應(yīng)對(duì)方法······················ 16
被討厭的原因····································· 18
懂得活出自我的重要性····························· 20
個(gè)性和個(gè)體差異的奇妙之處···················· 22
網(wǎng)絡(luò)社會(huì)對(duì)心理的影響·························· 24
有效處理工作和學(xué)習(xí)的訣竅···················· 26
色彩對(duì)心理的影響····················· 28
當(dāng)代年輕人的心理現(xiàn)狀······························· 30
心理學(xué)能改變?nèi)松鷨幔?br>重新審視中年之后的生活方式······················· 32
如何幸福地度過少子老齡化時(shí)代··················· 34
心理學(xué)的現(xiàn)在與未來
探索人類無限的可能性························· 36
治療心理沖突的臨床心理學(xué)····················· 38
解析犯罪行為和社會(huì)病理現(xiàn)象的犯罪心理學(xué)·········· 40
解析精神控制和洗腦的社會(huì)心理學(xué)······················ 42
研究人生每個(gè)成長(zhǎng)階段的發(fā)展心理學(xué)·················· 44
隨著計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展應(yīng)運(yùn)而生的認(rèn)知心理學(xué)············· 46
解決運(yùn)動(dòng)員煩惱的體育心理學(xué)················ 48
提高員工干勁的工業(yè)與組織心理學(xué)······················· 50
可以抒情療愈的音樂心理學(xué)················ 52
療愈災(zāi)后心理創(chuàng)傷的災(zāi)難心理學(xué)························ 54
有助于判斷適合自己職業(yè)的職業(yè)心理學(xué)··············· 56
心理學(xué)的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合
3
將心理學(xué)應(yīng)用到各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)························ 58
心理咨詢師是患者的支持者··············· 60
心理學(xué)輔助商品開發(fā)和環(huán)境營(yíng)造······················ 62
〈關(guān)注、實(shí)用深層心理1 〉肢體語言的表達(dá)方式:手······ 64
PART
2 人際交往的心理學(xué)65~90
人際關(guān)系
把握人際交往中的安全距離··················· 66
為何說城市人冷漠················ 68
迎合對(duì)方的從眾行為是成功的關(guān)鍵····················· 70
欺凌使弱者成為替罪羊······················· 72
由匿名引發(fā)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)暴力····························· 74
選擇戀愛對(duì)象、結(jié)婚伴侶的關(guān)鍵························ 76
他人的情緒
為何電車?yán)锍R姷娜瞬挥X得陌生························ 78
非語言溝通能傳遞真情實(shí)感························ 80
善于與人交往的社交技能···················· 82
受個(gè)人喜好影響的標(biāo)簽化·················· 84
印象心理學(xué)
被嫌棄的人是在語言距離感上搞錯(cuò)了··················· 86
頭銜引起的光環(huán)效應(yīng)································ 88
〈關(guān)注、實(shí)用深層心理2 〉戀愛對(duì)象出軌,你會(huì)怎么辦呢?··· 90
PART
3 心理學(xué)家的重要理論91~122
從哲學(xué)到科學(xué)
馮特的心理學(xué)—將心理引入科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室·············· 92
格式塔心理學(xué)—發(fā)現(xiàn)人類知覺的構(gòu)造··················· 94
從行為解讀心理的行為主義···················· 96
潛意識(shí)的發(fā)現(xiàn)
弗洛伊德的精神分析學(xué)說—研究?jī)?nèi)心深處的奧秘······· 98
在治療歇斯底里患者的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的自由聯(lián)想法···········100
力比多—潛意識(shí)中燃燒的瘋狂力量·······················102
弗洛伊德發(fā)現(xiàn)“性”是導(dǎo)致心理疾病的根源················104
男人都有殺死父親的欲望嗎?····················106
弗洛伊德的后繼者們································108
靈魂的發(fā)現(xiàn)者
將潛意識(shí)與神話聯(lián)系起來的榮格心理學(xué)···············110
榮格從無法解釋的行為查明心理問題的原因··············112
由對(duì)話引出潛意識(shí)的詞語聯(lián)想法·············114
人們集體潛意識(shí)里共通的形象“原型”·····················116
有意義的巧合—同步性····················118
從榮格繼承并發(fā)展的心理學(xué)··············120
〈關(guān)注、實(shí)用深層心理3 〉高明的求人辦事的說法是哪個(gè)?··122
PART
4 人們成長(zhǎng)過程中的心理學(xué)123~168
嬰兒期
生理性早產(chǎn),從頭部向下發(fā)育···········124
依戀構(gòu)成親子間的紐帶·························126
依戀理論:3 歲兒童神話的科學(xué)依據(jù)················128
幼兒期
從游戲中培養(yǎng)孩子的想象力····················130
控制欲導(dǎo)致父母虐待孩子··························132
孩子撒謊是社會(huì)發(fā)展健全的證據(jù)··················134
重視自尊感,用“糖果”與“鞭子”激發(fā)干勁··············136
從團(tuán)體時(shí)期的游戲中學(xué)習(xí)社交···············138
叛逆期才是孩子的成長(zhǎng)期·························140
青春期的第二性征是孩子對(duì)“性”的覺醒·················142
嬰幼兒時(shí)期擔(dān)憂的輕度發(fā)育障礙··················144
自我認(rèn)同的覺醒和延遲························146
青年期
心理學(xué)揭示喜歡與愛的區(qū)別························148
挫折使年輕人成長(zhǎng)················150
導(dǎo)致逃學(xué)的原因是學(xué)校、家庭以及本人··················152
不上班的年輕人—啃老族成為社會(huì)問題···················154
中年期
不婚主義者增多的社會(huì)背景和人們的想法················156
中年后期
迎來人生變化的中年危機(jī)···························158
如何順利度過更年期··································160
成功老齡化和生產(chǎn)性老齡化····················162
如何不為婆媳問題而煩惱························164
老年期
接納死亡,安穩(wěn)地度過余生·················166
〈關(guān)注、實(shí)用深層心理4 〉為了把對(duì)方發(fā)展成自己的伙伴,你覺得在哪個(gè)地方
談話比較好?···············168
5 組織中的人類行為169~194
PART
團(tuán)體心理學(xué)
無法提出反對(duì)意見—團(tuán)體迷思和不敗幻想················170
有時(shí)一個(gè)人的意見也會(huì)改變多數(shù)人················172
人際之間的關(guān)系模式···························174
4 引起集體恐慌、暴動(dòng)的團(tuán)體心理························176
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)心理學(xué)
用PM 理論驗(yàn)證理想的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)形象························178
行動(dòng)是有力的“宣言”··················180
報(bào)酬的平等分配和公平分配,哪個(gè)公平?·················182
組織行為學(xué)
思考優(yōu)秀管理方法的X 理論和Y 理論··················184
“我能行”的自我效能感有助于獲得成功··················186
談判心理學(xué)
說服他人需要技巧································188
博弈論中的勝負(fù)問題····························190
會(huì)議心理學(xué)研究座次安排的意義·························192
〈關(guān)注、實(shí)用深層心理5 〉八面玲瓏就沒有好處············194
6 失去健康生活的心理學(xué)195~246
PART
壓力
壓力過大引發(fā)疾病······················196
減輕壓力的方法·························198
壓力易感型和壓力耐受型··························200
心理疾病
環(huán)境變化帶來的壓力導(dǎo)致適應(yīng)障礙·······················202
司空見慣的病—抑郁癥····················204
容易被看作自私的非典型抑郁癥人數(shù)不斷增多·············206
內(nèi)心沖突無法調(diào)和導(dǎo)致神經(jīng)癥····················208
受兒時(shí)經(jīng)歷影響的社交恐懼癥······················210
突然感到異?謶值捏@恐障礙··················212
恐懼肥胖而極度節(jié)食導(dǎo)致的進(jìn)食障礙·····················214
拒絕社會(huì)和家庭的社會(huì)蟄居族·················216
突然失去干勁的心身耗竭綜合征·························218
美容整形也無法滿足對(duì)外表的執(zhí)著······················220
造成可怕創(chuàng)傷的PTSD·································222
成癮是內(nèi)心逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)狀態(tài)的表現(xiàn)························224
遭受暴力也無法擺脫的關(guān)系成癮癥······················226
無法體諒對(duì)方感受的跟蹤狂························228
思想與行為偏激的人格障礙·················230
邊緣型人格障礙—突然整個(gè)人都變了·····················232
自我價(jià)值感夸大的自戀型人格障礙······················234
心理療法
治療心理問題的四類心理療法················236
接納自我的來訪者中心療法···················238
擺脫不合理信念的認(rèn)知行為療法·························240
投射內(nèi)心深處所想的藝術(shù)療法·························242
日本獨(dú)特的療法—“順其自然”的森田療法················244
〈關(guān)注、實(shí)用深層心理6 〉外表真的很重要嗎?···········246
7 產(chǎn)生心理活動(dòng)的腦系統(tǒng)247~272
PART
腦與心理活動(dòng)
心理是腦的機(jī)能······················248
根據(jù)大腦神經(jīng)功能研究心理活動(dòng)的神經(jīng)心理學(xué)·············250
觀察大腦信息加工過程的認(rèn)知心理學(xué)·····················252
視覺上的錯(cuò)覺是由視覺感知產(chǎn)生的······················254
瞄準(zhǔn)余像效應(yīng)的閾下效應(yīng)·······················256
未來,情商是衡量聰明與否的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)·······················258
喜怒哀樂與身體、大腦密切相關(guān)··················260
記憶
感動(dòng)體驗(yàn)有助于提高記憶力······················262
既有瞬間忘記的記憶,也有留下回憶的記憶···············264
人們?cè)谟洃浀耐瑫r(shí),也常常會(huì)遺忘·······················266
要想提高運(yùn)動(dòng)水平,需要鍛煉運(yùn)動(dòng)記憶···················268
關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)決定記憶力提高的程度·····················270
〈關(guān)注、實(shí)用深層心理7 〉你有克服逆境的膽量嗎?········272
PART
性格
先天與后天因素共同影響性格················274
兄弟姐妹的性格取決于父母的對(duì)待方式··················276
性格和智力受遺傳還是環(huán)境的影響更大? ················278
將失敗歸咎于外在因素與內(nèi)在因素的人··············280
簡(jiǎn)單易懂的性格分類法··························282
將性格按要素劃分的榮格類型論·························284
用性格測(cè)試解析人的性格與行為·························286
要想擁有樂觀的心態(tài),自尊很重要·······················288
發(fā)現(xiàn)未知的自己“約哈里之窗”···············290
性別角色中的“男人味”和“女人味”·················292
大腦功能存在個(gè)體差異,體現(xiàn)在每個(gè)人的性格上············294
深層心理
使人類獲得成長(zhǎng)的馬斯洛需求層次理論················296
需求不滿導(dǎo)致的挫折感································298
用催眠療法影響潛意識(shí),克服自卑·······················300
從潛意識(shí)姿勢(shì)—睡姿看出性格·························302
夢(mèng)的解析
夢(mèng)是欲望的滿足—弗洛伊德夢(mèng)的解析···············304
體現(xiàn)兩種潛意識(shí)的夢(mèng)—榮格夢(mèng)的分析·············306
快速眼動(dòng)睡眠和非快速眼動(dòng)睡眠,哪個(gè)階段在做夢(mèng)?········308
譯者的話·························310