第1篇導(dǎo)論

緒言

0．1創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的結(jié)構(gòu)

0．2數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源

0．3本書的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)

第1章對(duì)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的結(jié)構(gòu)認(rèn)識(shí)

1．1創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)及其表現(xiàn)

1．2全球創(chuàng)業(yè)觀察概念框架的組成

1．3創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的結(jié)構(gòu)指標(biāo)

1．4全球創(chuàng)業(yè)觀察的專題研究

第2篇特 征 結(jié) 構(gòu)

第2章青年創(chuàng)業(yè)

2．1青年創(chuàng)業(yè)的年齡分布

2．2青年創(chuàng)業(yè)的特征

2．3青年創(chuàng)業(yè)的質(zhì)量

2．4青年對(duì)待創(chuàng)業(yè)的態(tài)度

2.5小結(jié)

第3章女性創(chuàng)業(yè)

3．1女性創(chuàng)業(yè)的活躍程度及趨勢(shì)

3．2我國(guó)女性創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的結(jié)構(gòu)特征

3．3我國(guó)女性創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的質(zhì)量特征

3．4女性對(duì)待創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的態(tài)度

3.5小結(jié)

第4章老年創(chuàng)業(yè)

4．1中國(guó)老年創(chuàng)業(yè)概貌

4．2中國(guó)老年創(chuàng)業(yè)質(zhì)量

4．3影響老年創(chuàng)業(yè)的主要因素

4．4小結(jié)

第5章社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)

5．1廣義的社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)

5．2狹義的社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)

5．3社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的質(zhì)量

5．4社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的特征

5.5小結(jié)

第6章服務(wù)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)

6．1全球創(chuàng)業(yè)觀察研究的行業(yè)分類及服務(wù)業(yè)構(gòu)成

6．2我國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)的構(gòu)成和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)

6．3不同類型服務(wù)業(yè)的創(chuàng)業(yè)

6．4服務(wù)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)分布的國(guó)際比較

6．5小結(jié)

第3篇質(zhì) 量 結(jié) 構(gòu)

〉〉中國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)觀察創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的結(jié)構(gòu)分析
目錄〈〈

第7章創(chuàng)新型創(chuàng)業(yè)

7．1新產(chǎn)品/新服務(wù)

7．2新市場(chǎng)

7．3創(chuàng)新指數(shù)

7．4不同時(shí)期創(chuàng)新型創(chuàng)業(yè)者的特征

7．5創(chuàng)新型創(chuàng)業(yè)的社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)

7．6創(chuàng)新型創(chuàng)業(yè)的國(guó)際化

7．7小結(jié)

第8章高成長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)業(yè)

8．1高預(yù)期型和高成長(zhǎng)型創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)

8．2高成長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的特征

8．3高成長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的質(zhì)量

8.4小結(jié)

第9章國(guó)際創(chuàng)業(yè)

9．1我國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)的國(guó)際化程度

9．2我國(guó)國(guó)際創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的國(guó)際比較

9．3國(guó)際創(chuàng)業(yè)者的自我效能

9．4天生國(guó)際化的創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)

9．5不同類型創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的國(guó)際創(chuàng)業(yè)

9．6小結(jié)

第10章創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)效應(yīng)

10．1我國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的就業(yè)效應(yīng)及趨勢(shì)

10．2創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)能力的國(guó)際比較

10．3不同特征結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的就業(yè)效應(yīng)

10．4不同質(zhì)量結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的就業(yè)效應(yīng)

10．5創(chuàng)業(yè)的結(jié)構(gòu)和質(zhì)量特征對(duì)創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)效應(yīng)的影響

10．6小結(jié)

第11章創(chuàng)業(yè)退出

11．1創(chuàng)業(yè)退出的變化趨勢(shì)

11．2創(chuàng)業(yè)退出的原因

11．3創(chuàng)業(yè)退出的群體特征

11．4早期創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的退出

11.5小結(jié)

第4篇區(qū) 域 結(jié) 構(gòu)

第12章區(qū)域創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)

12．1我國(guó)區(qū)域創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的水平及態(tài)勢(shì)

12．2區(qū)域創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)差異的影響因素

12．3兩類地區(qū)創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)影響因素的分析

12．4小結(jié)

第13章我國(guó)主要城市的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境

13．1主要城市創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)體系

13．2主要城市創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果

13．3主要城市創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境的區(qū)域差異

13．4小結(jié)

第5篇國(guó)際多邊結(jié)構(gòu)

第14章二十國(guó)集團(tuán)和金磚國(guó)家創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的比較

14．1創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的共性

14．2創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的差異

14．3創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的環(huán)境比較

14．4小結(jié)

第6篇生態(tài)環(huán)境結(jié)構(gòu)

第15章創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境

15．1創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境綜合指數(shù)

15．2創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境條件

15．3我國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境的變化

15．4小結(jié)

第16章創(chuàng)業(yè)文化

16．1個(gè)人認(rèn)知

16．2社會(huì)認(rèn)知

16．3社會(huì)和文化規(guī)范

16．4小結(jié)

附錄1全球創(chuàng)業(yè)觀察的方法論概述

附錄2歷年全球創(chuàng)業(yè)觀察中國(guó)報(bào)告發(fā)布稿輯要

Contents

Part ⅠIntroduction

Preface3

0.1Structure of Entrepreneurial Activities3

0.2Data Sources4

0.3Chapter Structure of The Book 5

Chapter 1Structural Understanding of Entrepreneurial Activities7

1.1Entrepreneurial Activities and Their Output 7

1.2Composition of the GEM Conceptual Framework8

1.3Structural Indicators of Entrepreneurial Activities9

1.4GEM Special Research 13

Part ⅡCharacteristics Structure

Chapter 2Youth Entrepreneurship17

2.1Age Distribution of Youth Entrepreneurship 17

2.2Characteristics of Youth Entrepreneurship 18

2.3Quality of Youth Entrepreneurship 24

2.4Attitudes of Youth Towards Entrepreneurship 27

2.5Summary 33

Chapter 3Women Entrepreneurship 34

3.1Level of Women Entrepreneurship Activities and Trends 34

3.2Characteristics of Women Entrepreneurship in China 35

3.3Quality of Women Entrepreneurship in China 40

3.4Attitudes of Women Towards Entrepreneurship 43

3.5Summary 48

Chapter 4Senior Entrepreneurship 50

4.1Overview of Senior Entrepreneurship in China 50

4.2Quality of Senior Entrepreneurship in China 56

4.3Main factors affecting Senior Entrepreneurship 61

4.4Summary64

Chapter 5Social Entrepreneurship 66

5.1Social Entrepreneurship in Broad Definition 66

5.2Social Entrepreneurship in Narrow Definition 69

5.3Quality of Social Entrepreneurship 71

5.4Characteristics of Social Entrepreneurship74

5.5Summary80

〉〉中國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)觀察創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的結(jié)構(gòu)分析
Contents〈〈

Chapter 6Service Sector�餾 Entrepreneurship82

6.1Classification and Composition of Service Sector in GEM82

6.2Composition and Trends of Service Sector�餾 Entrepreneurship
in China 83

6.3Entrepreneurial Activities in Different Service Sectors 86

6.4Global Comparison in Distribution of Service Sector�餾
Entrepreneurship95

6.5Summary99

Part ⅢQuality Structure

Chapter 7Innovation�瞓ased Entrepreneurship103

7.1New Products/Services103

7.2New Market106

7.3Innovation Index106

7.4Characteristics of Innovative Entrepreneurs in Different Stages107

7.5Social Networks of Innovation�瞓ased Entrepreneurship109

7.6Internationalization of Innovation�瞓ased Entrepreneurship110

7.7Summary114

Chapter 8High�睪rowth Entrepreneurship116

8.1High�睧xpectation and High�睪rowth Entrepreneurship116

8.2Characteristics of High�睪rowth Entrepreneurship118

8.3Quality of High�睪rowth Entrepreneurship123

8.4Summary134

Chapter 9International Entrepreneurship135

9.1Level of Internationalization of Entrepreneurship in China135

9.2Global Comparison in International Entrepreneurship137

9.3Self�睧fficacy of International Entrepreneurs140

9.4Born Global Startups142

9.5Internationalization of Different Types of Entrepreneurial
Activities145

9.6Summary150

Chapter 10Employment Effects of Entrepreneurship152

10.1Employment Effects of Entrepreneurship in China and
their Trends152

10.2Global Comparison in Capacity of Job Creation of
Entrepreneurship154

10.3Job Creation Capacity of Entrepreneurship with Different
Characteristics157

10.4Job Creation Capacity of Entrepreneurship with Different
Quality162

10.5Characteristics and Quality impacts on Job Creation of
Entrepreneurship165

10.6Summary168

Chapter 11Business Exits170

11.1Changing Trends of Business Exits170

11.2Reasons for Business Exits171

11.3Group Characteristics of Exited Startups175

11.4Business Exits of Early�睸tage Entrepreneurial Activities181

11.5Summary186

Part ⅣRegional Structure

Chapter 12Regional Entrepreneurial Activities189

12.1Level and Trends of Regional Entrepreneurial Activities in
China189

12.2Factors of Difference in Regional Entrepreneurial Activities193

12.3Factors Influencing the Entrepreneurial Activities in two
types of regions196

12.4Summary197

Chapter 13Entrepreneurship Environment of Major Cities in China199

13.1Evaluation System199

13.2Evaluation Results200

13.3Regional Difference208

13.4Summary214

Part ⅤInternational Multilateral Structure

Chapter 14Comparison in Entrepreneurial Activities Between G20 and
BRICS217

14.1Commonalities in Entrepreneurial Activities218

14.2Differences in Entrepreneurial Activities229

14.3Comparison in Environments for Entrepreneurial Activities239

14.4Summary249

Part ⅥEcosystem Structure

Chapter 15Entrepreneurship Environment253

15.1Comprehensive Index for Entrepreneurship Environment
of China253

15.2Framework Conditions of Entrepreneurship Environment of
China254

15.3Changes in Entrepreneurship Environment in China264

15.4Summary268

Chapter 16Entrepreneurial Culture270

16.1Self�睵erceptions270

16.2Social�睵erceptions280

16.3Social and Cultural Norms287

16.4Summary290

Appendix 1Overview of GEM Methodology291

Appendix 2Summary of Public Releases of GEM China Reports Over Time292