一、《實(shí)用英語(yǔ)文體學(xué)》是依據(jù)我國(guó)高等院校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)《英語(yǔ)文體學(xué)》教學(xué)大綱(1984)編寫的，可供高等(師范)院校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)本科高年級(jí)學(xué)生使用，也可供研究生和青年教師參考。
二、本教材自1981年起就在北京師范大學(xué)英語(yǔ)專業(yè)高年級(jí)和研究生班使用；北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院英語(yǔ)研修班、中山大學(xué)、南京解放軍國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)院也曾全部或部分采用過這個(gè)教材。在此期間，筆者曾對(duì)教材作過四次較大的修改。
三、本書的重點(diǎn)是當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)非文學(xué)語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)體分析。本書分兩個(gè)單元。第一單元第一章介紹了語(yǔ)體分析所必需的術(shù)語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)言分析方法。第二至第四章所歸納的語(yǔ)體特點(diǎn)可供分析時(shí)查閱，教師應(yīng)根據(jù)學(xué)生實(shí)際水平擇要講解，不必拘泥。第二單元介紹了幾種常見的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)體，使學(xué)生較系統(tǒng)地了解這幾種語(yǔ)體的典型特點(diǎn)，以提高對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)體的敏感性。
四、現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用千變?nèi)f化，絕不是幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)體常規(guī)“型式”所能概括的。但學(xué)生如果掌握了這些“型式”的特點(diǎn)，就能大致判斷出某一語(yǔ)篇(口語(yǔ)或筆語(yǔ))的文體與某種語(yǔ)體常規(guī)的共同點(diǎn)或差距，可以進(jìn)一步探討語(yǔ)言使用者如何受某語(yǔ)境因素(如對(duì)象、目的、場(chǎng)合等)的影響而遵守或違背常規(guī)。這就是對(duì)語(yǔ)體的敏感性的提高。因此本書重視分析練習(xí)，書后附有分析范例。學(xué)生做這種練習(xí)，可能會(huì)覺得枯燥，但是，認(rèn)真做過這種練習(xí)的學(xué)生，都認(rèn)為這是一種較快掌握語(yǔ)體特點(diǎn)的途徑，有助于加深理解和提高運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力。
五、本書得益于國(guó)內(nèi)前輩和同行的鼓勵(lì)和批評(píng)以及學(xué)生的反饋。英國(guó)蘭開斯特大學(xué)語(yǔ)言學(xué)和現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)系主任肖特(MichaelH．Short)先生也曾閱過部分初稿。本書由北京大學(xué)胡壯麟教授主審。北京大學(xué)、北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院、對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)、南京大學(xué)、中山大學(xué)、華中師范大學(xué)等院校的同行參加了審稿會(huì)。
INTRODUCTION
0.1 DEFINITION
0.2 INSTITUTION AS WELL AS SYSTEM
0.3 CONCEPTS OF STYLE
0.4 THE NEEDS FOR STYLISTICS
0.5 SCOPE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE BOOK
1 PROCEDURE OF ANALYSIS
1.1 THE CONCEPT OF TEXT
1.2 THE CONCEPT OF CONTEXT
1.3 LEVELS OF LINGUISTIC DESCRIPTION
1.4 CONSISTENCY AND RELATIVE FREQUENCY
1.5 THE PLACING OF A TEXT
1.6 PRINCIPLE OF COMPARISON
1.7 SUMMARY: A PROCEDURE OF ANALYSIS
2 POTENTIAL STYLE MARKERS (1) MARKERS IN PHONOLOGY ANDGRAPHOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
0.1 DEFINITION
0.2 INSTITUTION AS WELL AS SYSTEM
0.3 CONCEPTS OF STYLE
0.4 THE NEEDS FOR STYLISTICS
0.5 SCOPE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE BOOK
Unit One A Framework of Analysis of Style
1 PROCEDURE OF ANALYSIS
1.1 THE CONCEPT OF TEXT
1.2 THE CONCEPT OF CONTEXT
1.3 LEVELS OF LINGUISTIC DESCRIPTION
1.4 CONSISTENCY AND RELATIVE FREQUENCY
1.5 THE PLACING OF A TEXT
1.6 PRINCIPLE OF COMPARISON
1.7 SUMMARY: A PROCEDURE OF ANALYSIS
2 POTENTIAL STYLE MARKERS (1) MARKERS IN PHONOLOGY ANDGRAPHOLOGY
2.1 POTENTIAL STYLE MARKERS IN PHONOLOGY
2.1.1 Elision
2.1.2 Sound Patterning
2.1.3 Onomatopoeia
2.2 POTENTIAL STYLE MARKERS IN GRAPHOLOGY
2.2.1 Punctuation
2.2.2 ParagraphingCONTENTS
EXERClSES
3 POTENTlAL STYLE MARKERS（2）：MARKERS lN SYNTAX
3.1 THE BASIC CLAUSE STRUCTURE AND THE CLASSIFlCATlON OF CLAUSETYPES
3.1.1 The BaSiC Clause StruCture
3.1.2 CIause Types（1）
3.1.3 Clause Types（2）
3.1.4 CIause Types（3）
3.2 CLAUSES AS SrrUATION TYPES
3.2.1 Types Of verb Meaning
3.2.2 PartiCipant ROIes
3.2.3 AnaIySiS Of S_tuatiOn Types and Its AppIicatlon
3.3 SENTENCE TYPES
3.3.1 SimpIe and MuItIpIe SentenCes
3.3.2 MaiOr and Minor Sentences
3.4 NOUN PHRASES
3.5 SYNTAX AND THE COMPOSrrl0N OF TEXT
3.5.1 Sequence and SegmentatiOn
3.5.2 Sequence and SaIience
3.5.2.1 SegmentatiOn and SaIience
3.5.2.2 Phrase Order and SaIjenCe
3.5.2.3 Paralle¨sm and EmDhaSiS
3.5.3 SegmentatiOn and COhesjOn
QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES
4 POTENTIAL STYLE MARKERS（3）：LEXICAL CHOICE
4.1 ANGLO-SAx0N OR LATINATE WORDS
4.2 GENERAL OR SPEClFIC WORDS
4.3 CONCEPTUAL OR ASSOCIATIVE MEANING
4.4 OTHER FEATURES OF LE.X]CAL ITEMS
4.5 LEX]CAL CHOICE AND THE SHAPING OF TEXT
4.5.1 Verbal Repetition and Reiteration
4.5.2 Collocation
QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES
Unit Two Varieties of Contemporary English
5 VARIETIES ACCORDING TO REGION AND SOCIAL GROUP
5.1 REGIONAL AND SOCIAL DIALECTS
5.2 STANDARD AND NON-STANDARD ENGLISH
5.3 STANDARD AMERICAN AND BRITISH ENGLISH
5.4 THE USE OF NON-STANDARD ENGLISH
5.4.1 Markers Indicating Non-Standard Speech in Literature
5.4.2 Functions of Non-Standard Portrayals
QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES
6 VARIETIES ACCORDING TO MEDIUM (MODE OF DISCOURSE)
6.1 CHANNEL LIMITATION AND LINGUISTIC EXPLICITNESS
6.2 SPONTANEITY AND LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS
6.2.1 Fluency
6.2.2 Sentence Structure
6.2.3 Lexical Choice
6.3 AUDIENCE INTERACTION AND LINGUISTIC MANIFESTATIONS
6.4 PUBLICITY OF SITUATION AND FORMALITY IN LANGUAGE
6.5 A CONTINUUM OF VARIETIES ACCORDING TO MEDIUM
6.6 FEATURES OF SPOKEN STYLE IN FICTIONAL DIALOGUES
QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES
7 VARIETIES ACCORDING TO ATTITUDE (TENOR OF DISCOURSE)
7.1 LINGUISTIC MARKERS INDICATING THE DEGREES OF FORMALITY
7.1.1 Phonological Markers
7.1.2 Graphological Markers
7.1.3 Syntactic Markers
7.1.4 Lexical Markers
7.2 LINGUISTIC MARKERS INDICATING THE DEGREES OF POLITENESS
7.2.1 Phonological Markers
7.2.2 Syntactic Markers
7.2.3 Lexical Markers
7.3 LINGUISTIC MARKERS INDICATING THE DEGREES OFIMPERSONALITY
7.4 LINGUISTIC MARKERS INDICATING THE DEGREES OFACCESSIBILITY
QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES
8 VARIETIES ACCORDING TO FIELD OF DISCOURSE
8.1 FIELD OF DISCOURSE
8.2 THE LANGUAGE OF NEWS REPORTING
8.2.1 Graphological Devices
8.2.2 Syntactic Markers
8.2.3 Lexical Markers
8.3 THE LANGUAGE OF PRESS ADVERTISEMENTS
8.3.1 Components of a Press Advertisement
8.3.2 Linguistic Characteristics of Press Advertisements
8.3.2.1 Graphological Devices
8.3.2.2 Syntactic Devices
8.3.2.3 Lexical Devices
8.3.2.4 Rhetorical Devices
QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES
SAMPLES OF ANALYSIS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
編后記
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