3ds Max 2014 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)教程（全視頻微課版） 目錄 Contents 第 1 章 3ds Max 2014的基本操作 1.1 操作界面.....................................................11 1.1.1 3ds Max 2014的工作界面.........................11 1.1.2 標(biāo)題欄.......................................................12 1.1.3 菜單欄.......................................................16 1.1.4 主工具欄....................................................23 1.1.5 命令面板....................................................26 1.1.6 視口區(qū)和視圖控制區(qū)..................................28 1.1.7 動(dòng)畫記錄控制區(qū).........................................29 1.1.8 狀態(tài)欄.......................................................30 1.2 對(duì)象簡(jiǎn)介....................................................30 1.2.1 參數(shù)化對(duì)象................................................30 1.2.2 主對(duì)象與子對(duì)象.........................................30 1.3 對(duì)象的選擇..................................................31 1.3.1 使用單擊選擇.............................................31 1.3.2 使用區(qū)域選擇............................................31 1.3.3 使用名稱選擇............................................33 1.4 對(duì)象的軸向固定變換.....................................33 1.4.1 坐標(biāo)系.......................................................33 1.4.2 沿單一坐標(biāo)軸移動(dòng).....................................34 1.4.3 在特定坐標(biāo)平面內(nèi)移動(dòng)..............................34 1.4.4 繞單一坐標(biāo)軸旋轉(zhuǎn).....................................35 1.4.5 繞坐標(biāo)平面旋轉(zhuǎn).........................................35 1.4.6 設(shè)置坐標(biāo)對(duì)齊對(duì)象.....................................35 1.4.7 沿坐標(biāo)軸縮放對(duì)象.....................................36 1.5 對(duì)象的復(fù)制.................................................36 1.5.1 對(duì)象的直接復(fù)制.........................................36 1.5.2 對(duì)象的鏡像復(fù)制.........................................37 1.5.3 對(duì)象的陣列復(fù)制.........................................37 1.5.4 對(duì)象的間距復(fù)制.........................................37 1.5.5 對(duì)象的快照復(fù)制.........................................37 第 2 章 2D圖形轉(zhuǎn)3D模型 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：51分鐘 2.1 二維圖形與三維模型概述...............................39 2.1.1 二維圖形建模.............................................39 2.1.2 三維模型建模............................................39 2.2 二維圖形創(chuàng)建與參數(shù)詳解..............................39 2.2.1 樣條線圖形................................................40 2.2.2 擴(kuò)展樣條線...............................................43 2.3 二維圖形的編輯..........................................43 2.3.1 轉(zhuǎn)換為可編輯樣條線..................................43 2.3.2 設(shè)置可編輯樣條線.....................................44 2.4 常用的圖形修改器.......................................47 2.4.1 擠出修改器................................................47 2.4.2 倒角修改器...............................................49 2.4.3 車削修改器...............................................50 2.4.4 課堂練習(xí)——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建臺(tái)燈模型.......................51 2.5 綜合練習(xí)——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建休閑桌椅...........................53 2.6 課后習(xí)題...................................................57 第 3 章 幾何體的創(chuàng)建與參數(shù)詳解 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：128分鐘 3.1 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基本體.................................................59 3.1.1 長(zhǎng)方體.......................................................59 3.1.2 圓錐體.......................................................60 3.1.3 球體..........................................................61 3.1.4 幾何球體...................................................64 3.1.5 圓柱體.......................................................65 3.1.6 管狀體.......................................................66 3.1.7 圓環(huán)..........................................................67 3.1.8 四棱錐.......................................................68 3.1.9 茶壺..........................................................68 3.1.10 平面........................................................69 3.1.11 課堂練習(xí)——制作積木城堡......................69 3.2 擴(kuò)展基本體................................................75 3.2.1 異面體.......................................................75 3.2.2 環(huán)形結(jié)......................................................77 3.2.3 切角長(zhǎng)方體...............................................78 3.2.4 切角圓柱體...............................................80 3.2.5 油罐..........................................................81 3.2.6 膠囊..........................................................81 3.2.7 紡錘..........................................................82 3.2.8 L-Ext（L形擠出）...................................83 3.2.9 球棱柱......................................................83 3.2.10 C-Ext（C形擠出）................................83 3.2.11 環(huán)形波.....................................................84 3.2.12 軟管........................................................85 3.2.13 棱柱........................................................86 3.2.14 課堂練習(xí)——制作儲(chǔ)物柜.........................86 3.3 門.............................................................91 3.3.1 樞軸門.......................................................93 3.3.2 推拉門......................................................94 3.3.3 折疊門......................................................94 3.3.4 課堂練習(xí)——為小戶型添加門....................95 3.4 窗............................................................97 3.4.1 遮篷式窗...................................................97 3.4.2 平開窗......................................................98 3.4.3 固定窗......................................................98 3.4.4 旋開窗......................................................98 3.4.5 伸出式窗...................................................99 3.4.6 推拉窗......................................................99 3.4.7 課堂練習(xí)——為小戶型添加窗....................99 3.5 樓梯........................................................101 3.5.1 直線樓梯.................................................102 3.5.2 L形樓梯.................................................102 3.5.3 U形樓梯.................................................103 3.5.4 螺旋樓梯.................................................103 3.5.5 課堂練習(xí)——制作螺旋樓梯.....................104 3.6 AEC擴(kuò)展對(duì)象..........................................104 3.6.1 植物........................................................104 3.6.2 欄桿........................................................105 3.6.3 墻...........................................................107 3.6.4 課堂練習(xí)——制作室外街道.....................108 3.7 綜合練習(xí)——幾何體的綜合利用....................110 3.8 課后習(xí)題..................................................116 第 4 章 多邊形建模 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：10分鐘 4.1 多邊形網(wǎng)格建模..........................................119 4.1.1 轉(zhuǎn)換為多邊形網(wǎng)格對(duì)象..............................119 4.1.2 多邊形網(wǎng)格子對(duì)象的選擇..........................119 4.1.3 多邊形網(wǎng)格對(duì)象的公共參數(shù).....................120 4.1.4 多邊形網(wǎng)格點(diǎn)子對(duì)象的編輯.....................126 4.1.5 多邊形網(wǎng)格邊子對(duì)象的編輯.....................128 4.1.6 多邊形網(wǎng)格面子對(duì)象的編輯.....................130 4.2 綜合練習(xí)——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建室內(nèi)空間..........................131 4.3 課后習(xí)題..................................................137 第 5 章 復(fù)合建模 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：30分鐘 5.1 復(fù)合建模...................................................140 5.1.1 圖形合并..................................................140 5.1.2 放樣建模.................................................143 5.1.3 布爾建模.................................................147 5.1.4 散布建模.................................................148 5.2 綜合練習(xí)——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建木柄鐵錘..........................150 5.3 課后習(xí)題..................................................153 第 6 章 NURBS建模 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：45分鐘 6.1 認(rèn)識(shí)NURBS............................................155 6.1.1 點(diǎn)和CV控制點(diǎn).......................................155 6.1.2 創(chuàng)建NURBS對(duì)象..................................156 6.2 編輯NURBS對(duì)象.....................................156 6.2.1 “曲面”子對(duì)象.......................................157 6.2.2 “曲面CV”子對(duì)象................................157 6.2.3 “曲線”子對(duì)象......................................158 6.2.4 “曲線CV”子對(duì)象................................158 6.2.5 “點(diǎn)”子對(duì)象..........................................158 6.2.6 課堂練習(xí)——使用NURBS 建模制作花瓶.........................................159 6.3 使用NURBS工具箱..................................160 6.3.1 “點(diǎn)”功能區(qū)..........................................160 6.3.2 “曲線”功能區(qū)......................................160 6.3.3 “曲面”功能區(qū).......................................161 6.3.4 課堂練習(xí)——使用NURBS 建模制作抱枕..........................................161 6.4 綜合練習(xí)——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建藤藝燈.............................163 6.5 課后習(xí)題..................................................165 第 7 章 修改器的使用與參數(shù)詳解 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：61分鐘 7.1 修改器基本知識(shí)..........................................167 7.1.1 修改器堆棧..............................................167 7.1.2 應(yīng)用修改器的順序...................................167 7.2 常用的編輯修改器......................................168 7.2.1 彎曲修改器..............................................168 7.2.2 扭曲修改器.............................................168 7.2.3 錐化修改器.............................................168 7.2.4 噪波修改器.............................................169 7.2.5 晶格修改器.............................................170 7.2.6 融化修改器..............................................171 7.2.7 網(wǎng)格平滑修改器......................................172 7.2.8 FFD類型修改器.....................................174 7.3 綜合練習(xí)——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建臺(tái)燈................................175 7.4 課后習(xí)題..................................................178 第 8 章 材質(zhì)和貼圖 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：30分鐘 8.1 材質(zhì)編輯器................................................181 8.1.1 材質(zhì)設(shè)計(jì)流程............................................181 8.1.2 材質(zhì)示例窗..............................................182 8.1.3 材質(zhì)工具欄..............................................183 8.2 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)材質(zhì)的參數(shù)詳解...................................184 8.2.1 明暗器基本參數(shù).......................................184 8.2.2 Blinn基本參數(shù)........................................186 8.2.3 擴(kuò)展參數(shù).................................................187 8.2.4 超級(jí)采樣.................................................188 8.2.5 貼圖........................................................188 8.2.6 mental ray連接.....................................189 8.2.7 課堂練習(xí)——制作金屬材質(zhì)......................189 8.3 常用材質(zhì)類型............................................191 8.3.1 雙面材質(zhì)..................................................191 8.3.2 多維/子對(duì)象材質(zhì).....................................191 8.3.3 混合材質(zhì).................................................192 8.3.4 頂/底材質(zhì)..............................................194 8.3.5 蟲漆材質(zhì).................................................194 8.3.6 無(wú)光/投影材質(zhì).......................................195 8.3.7 課堂練習(xí)——給糖果指定材質(zhì)貼圖...........195 8.4 常用貼圖類型............................................197 8.4.1 位圖貼圖.................................................197 8.4.2 漸變貼圖.................................................198 8.4.3 細(xì)胞貼圖.................................................199 8.4.4 衰減貼圖.................................................199 8.4.5 遮罩貼圖.................................................200 8.4.6 反射/折射貼圖.......................................200 8.4.7 平面鏡貼圖.............................................201 8.4.8 薄壁折射貼圖..........................................201 8.4.9 光線跟蹤貼圖..........................................202 8.4.10 其他貼圖...............................................203 8.5 貼圖坐標(biāo)與修改方式..................................204 8.5.1 貼圖坐標(biāo).................................................204 8.5.2 UVW貼圖修改器...................................204 8.5.3 課堂練習(xí)——利用位圖貼圖制作書本材質(zhì)....205 8.6 綜合練習(xí)——渲染奶糖模型.........................206 8.7 課后習(xí)題..................................................210 第 9 章 燈光系統(tǒng)和攝影機(jī) 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：24分鐘 9.1 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)燈光...................................................212 9.1.1 聚光燈.....................................................212 9.1.2 平行光.....................................................214 9.1.3 泛光........................................................215 9.1.4 天光........................................................215 9.1.5 課堂練習(xí)——制作室內(nèi)陽(yáng)光.....................216 9.2 光度學(xué)燈光...............................................217 9.2.1 目標(biāo)燈光與自由燈光................................217 9.2.2 mr天空入口...........................................218 9.3 攝影機(jī).....................................................218 9.3.1 目標(biāo)攝影機(jī)..............................................218 9.3.2 自由攝影機(jī).............................................218 9.3.3 “參數(shù)”卷展欄......................................219 9.3.4 “景深參數(shù)”卷展欄...............................219 9.3.5 課堂練習(xí)——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建目標(biāo)攝影機(jī).................220 9.4 綜合練習(xí)——設(shè)置燈光與攝影機(jī)...................222 9.5 課后習(xí)題.................................................225 第 10 章 空間變形和粒子系統(tǒng) 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：47分鐘 10.1 空間變形................................................227 10.1.1 爆炸變形................................................227 10.1.2 漣漪變形...............................................230 10.2 粒子系統(tǒng)................................................230 10.2.1 粒子流源...............................................231 10.2.2 噴射......................................................233 10.2.3 雪.........................................................233 10.2.4 超級(jí)噴射...............................................234 10.2.5 暴風(fēng)雪..................................................236 10.2.6 粒子陣列...............................................237 10.2.7 粒子云..................................................238 10.3 綜合練習(xí)——制作噴泉特效........................238 10.4 課后習(xí)題................................................242 第 11 章 環(huán)境效果 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：41分鐘 11.1 環(huán)境......................................................244 11.1.1 環(huán)境顏色和全局照明.............................244 11.1.2 曝光控制..............................................245 11.2 大氣......................................................247 11.2.1 火效果.................................................248 11.2.2 霧和體積霧..........................................250 11.2.3 體積光.................................................252 11.2.4 課堂練習(xí)——制作陽(yáng)光透射效果...........253 11.3 效果......................................................254 11.3.1 鏡頭效果..............................................254 11.3.2 亮度和對(duì)比度......................................256 11.3.3 色彩平衡.............................................256 11.3.4 模糊....................................................256 11.3.5 膠片顆粒.............................................257 11.3.6 運(yùn)動(dòng)模糊.............................................257 11.3.7 毛發(fā)和毛皮..........................................258 11.4 綜合練習(xí)——室內(nèi)一角夜景表現(xiàn)..................258 11.5 課后習(xí)題................................................262 第 12 章 動(dòng)畫初步制作 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：87分鐘 12.1 動(dòng)畫介紹................................................264 12.1.1 動(dòng)畫的概念..........................................264 12.1.2 動(dòng)畫的時(shí)間和控制...............................264 12.2 動(dòng)畫的簡(jiǎn)單制作.......................................264 12.2.1 動(dòng)畫控制面板的功能說(shuō)明.....................264 12.2.2 “時(shí)間配置”對(duì)話框...........................265 12.2.3 課堂練習(xí)——制作圓木滾動(dòng)動(dòng)畫..........267 12.3 使用功能曲線編輯動(dòng)畫軌跡........................267 12.4 常用動(dòng)畫制作方法....................................268 12.4.1 位移動(dòng)畫.............................................268 12.4.2 參數(shù)動(dòng)畫.............................................269 12.4.3 燈光動(dòng)畫.............................................269 12.4.4 路徑動(dòng)畫.............................................270 12.4.5 漫游動(dòng)畫.............................................271 12.4.6 層級(jí)動(dòng)畫.............................................273 12.4.7 路徑變形動(dòng)畫......................................274 12.4.8 課堂練習(xí)——制作足球彈跳動(dòng)畫..........275 12.5 曲線編輯器.............................................277 12.5.1 關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)控制工具欄...............................277 12.5.2 導(dǎo)航工具欄.........................................277 12.5.3 關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)切線工具欄...............................277 12.5.4 切線動(dòng)作工具欄..................................278 12.5.5 關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)輸入工具欄...............................278 12.5.6 課堂練習(xí)——制作蝴蝶飛舞動(dòng)畫..........278 12.6 動(dòng)畫約束................................................279 12.6.1 附著約束.............................................279 12.6.2 曲面約束.............................................280 12.6.3 路徑約束.............................................281 12.6.4 位置約束.............................................283 12.6.5 注視約束.............................................283 12.6.6 方向約束.............................................284 12.7 綜合練習(xí)——制作汽車動(dòng)畫........................285 12.8 課后習(xí)題................................................287 第 13 章 渲染和輸出 本章視頻時(shí)長(zhǎng)：41分鐘 13.1 默認(rèn)渲染器.............................................289 13.1.1 渲染工具..............................................289 13.1.2 渲染幀窗口..........................................289 13.2 渲染設(shè)置................................................292 13.2.1 “公用”選項(xiàng)卡...................................292 13.2.2 “渲染器”選項(xiàng)卡...............................294 13.2.3 “光線跟蹤器”選項(xiàng)卡........................295 13.2.4 “高級(jí)照明”選項(xiàng)卡...........................295 13.3 V-Ray渲染器.......................................297 13.3.1 V-ray渲染面板..................................297 13.3.2 “V-ray”選項(xiàng)卡...............................298 13.3.3 “GI”（全局照明）選項(xiàng)卡.................299 13.3.4 “設(shè)置”選項(xiàng)卡..................................299 13.4 V-Ray材質(zhì)和貼圖.................................300 13.4.1 VRayMtl材質(zhì).....................................300 13.4.2 VR-燈光材質(zhì)....................................301 13.4.3 VR-材質(zhì)包裹器.................................302 13.4.4 VRay2SidedMtl材質(zhì).........................302 13.4.5 VRayHDRI........................................304 13.4.6 VR-邊紋理........................................304 13.5 VRay置換模式修改器.............................305 13.6 綜合練習(xí)——渲染書房..............................307 13.7 課后習(xí)題.........................................312